Prenatal care for pregnant adolescents: qualified assistance and professional practices for care

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the strategies and professional practices adopted by Primary Health Care nurses in a municipality in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul, in the Serra Gaúcha region, during the prenatal care of adolescent pregnant women. Methods: A field study with a qualitative approach and descriptive-exploratory nature, carried out in Basic Health Units and Family Health Strategies, with the participation of nurses in a municipality in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul. A non-probabilistic, convenience sampling was used, involving ten units with the highest volume of care for pregnant adolescents. Data collection took place in March and April 2025 through in-person, audio-recorded interviews, using a semi-structured script. The interviews were later transcribed for analysis. Results: The most cited communication strategies were the use of simple and accessible language, active listening and empathy, elements that favor the bond and adherence to prenatal care. However, the predominance of standardized practices was observed, with no differentiation in the care of pregnant adolescents. The scarcity of educational activities, such as groups for pregnant women, was also identified, despite their recognized relevance in the literature. Conclusion: The study highlights the need for differentiated practices for pregnant adolescents. The lack of specific strategies for this group points to limitations that compromise the comprehensiveness of care.