Keywords
Dental implants
Zygomatic implants
Alternative surgical techniques
Implantology
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Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effectiveness, clinical indications, and limitations of alternative surgical techniques based on the use of short and zygomatic implants for the oral rehabilitation of patients with severe bone loss, comparing these approaches with conventional methods that require the use of bone grafts. Bibliographic review: Short implants have shown high effectiveness in areas with limited bone height, thereby reducing the need for grafting procedures, surgical time, and postoperative discomfort. Zygomatic implants, indicated for severely atrophic maxillae, allow for immediate loading and provide greater prosthetic stability. Furthermore, advances in implant surface treatments—particularly through the application of nanotechnologies—and the development of ceramic materials such as zirconia have contributed to improved predictability and longevity of rehabilitative treatments. Both approaches, when carefully planned, represent safe, feasible, and less invasive alternatives to conventional bone grafting techniques. Final considerations: It is therefore considered that the techniques are promising; however, the conduction of further clinical studies is essential to confirm their long-term efficacy and to establish standardized treatment protocols.
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