Keywords
Immunity
Wounds and injuries
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Abstract
Objective: To identify the host immunological implications caused by the use of larval therapy (LT) in the treatment of chronic wounds, in addition to unraveling its antimicrobial potential. Methods: The research is an Integrative Review, with search in the LILACS, BDENF and MEDLINE databases, using the following descriptors: Larval Debridement Therapy; Immunity; Wounds and Injuries, in English and Portuguese, whether reviews or in vitro or in vivo experiments. Results: 16 articles were included. The articles demonstrate a broad immunomodulatory action of LT in favor of angiogenesis, tissue repair and inflammatory resolution, highlighting actions of reduction of neutrophil activity; increase in differentiation of M2 macrophages and Treg lymphocytes; deactivation of the complement system, among others. Regarding the antimicrobial potential, the larvae secrete substances (chymotrypicins, lusifensins, glycosylates) capable of combating biofilms and bacteria, especially Gram-positive bacteria. Conclusion: The studies analyzed demonstrate that LT is a complex process, and there is a need to elucidate more precisely the bioactive molecules and their mechanisms of action, in order to understand and expand the therapeutic use.
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