Updates on Takotsubo Syndrome and Its impact on clinical practice

Abstract

Objective: To elucidate updates, according to recent scientific evidence, regarding the presentation, epidemiology, prognosis, and recurrence of Takotsubo Syndrome (TTS). Methods: Integrative literature review based on the method of Souza et al. (2010), with searches conducted in the BVS, SciELO, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. Articles published between 2020 and 2025 in Portuguese, English, or Spanish were included. After screening, 21 studies comprised the final sample. Data were extracted using a standardized charting form and critically analyzed regarding relevance and methodological quality. Results: TTS is a condition in which approximately 75% of patients experience restoration of normal ventricular function; however, it is not free from complications or recurrence, which may increase mortality risk. New evidence demonstrates an increasing proportion of affected males, as well as non-apical variants of ventricular involvement. Physical stressors have also been more frequently associated with worse outcomes. Among the concerns, cardiogenic shock is a possible complication, for which factors that may help identify patient predisposition have been identified. Final considerations: Although recent advances in the literature on TTS are evident, important knowledge gaps remain, particularly regarding risk stratification, optimal therapeutic strategies, and recurrence prevention. Therefore, the development of further studies is imperative.