Keywords
Intensive care units
Nursing
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Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological aspects of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in critically ill adult patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit that treats surgical patients and trauma victims. Methods: This was a case-control study with 345 cases and 301 controls. Data were extracted from the monitoring sheets of the Hospital Infection Control Service and from patient records. Bivariate and multivariate analyses using logistic regression were employed. Results: The proportion of trauma patients was 86.7% among cases and 72.8% in the control group. The multivariate model revealed an association between Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia and prior use of cefazolin (OR 1.7), tracheostomy use (OR 1.9), and age under 70 years (OR 1.8). The most prevalent microorganism was Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion: This study identified that the use of prophylactic antibiotics, tracheostomy, and being under 70 years of age were risk factors for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in a population predominantly consisting of trauma victims.
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