Keywords
HBV
Carcinoma
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Abstract
Objective: To clarify and deepen the role of hepatitis B viruses (HBV) and HCV in the complex mechanisms of liver carcinogenesis. This research seeks to answer the following guiding question: "What is the prevalence of HBV and HCV in HCC, and which factors related to these viruses influence the genesis of liver malignancy?". Methods: An integrative literature review was conducted, searching for articles published between January 2019 and December 2023 in the PubMed database, using the descriptors "HCV" AND "liver cancer" and "HBV" AND "liver cancer." Eleven articles were selected after rigorous screening. Results: Chronic HBV and HCV infection accounts for a significant proportion of HCC cases (75-80% in China for HBV; 45% globally). Mechanisms include viral DNA integration (HBV), oncogene activation (N-myc, C-myc), immune dysregulation (SOCS, RIG-I, TLR3), epigenetic alterations (MIR-155, DNMT3A), and the role of the HBx protein. Chronic inflammation and liver fibrosis are crucial. Final considerations: Chronic infection with HBV and C HCV is the main cause of the pathophysiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
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