Keywords
Risk factors
Surgical site infection
Orthopedic procedures
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Abstract
Objective: To investigate the relationship between risk factors, especially comorbidities, and the progression of surgical site infections in patients undergoing orthopedic surgeries at a university hospital in the Campos Gerais region, Brazil. Methods: Observational, analytical, retrospective study based on 116 electronic medical records of patients with surgical site infections after orthopedic surgeries performed between 2017 and 2020. Clinical and surgical variables such as comorbidities, use of implants, length of hospital stay, age, gender, type of anesthesia, contamination potential, and ASA classification were evaluated. Statistical analysis used the chi-square test, considering p < 0.05 as significant. Results: The presence of comorbidities was the only factor significantly associated with a worse progression of surgical site infections (p = 0.017), with a higher incidence of death or need for further care. Other variables, such as gender, age, implant use, length of preoperative hospital stay, anesthesia, type of care, and ASA classification, did not show a statistically significant association. Conclusion: We conclude that comorbidities were a decisive factor in the worsening outcome of surgical site infections in orthopedic surgeries and that early identification of these patients can guide preventive measures, reducing morbidity and mortality related to healthcare-associated infections.
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