Keywords
Mass media
Stereotyping
Communicable diseases
Tuberculosis
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Abstract
Objective: To analyze how media discourses contribute to the construction of stigma around tuberculosis, especially among vulnerable populations. The study is based on a narrative literature review grounded in the concepts of biopolitics and immunity discussed by Michel Foucault and Roberto Esposito. Literature review: Tuberculosis remains a serious public health problem, disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations. The disease is widely studied in the biomedical field, but the role of the media in constructing stigma is rarely discussed. According to Foucault, biopolitics reveals how discourses and practices of power regulate life and shape social behaviors in response to the disease. Esposito expands the analysis by linking the concept of immunity to mechanisms of exclusion, which contribute to the marginalization of certain groups. Final considerations: The review demonstrated that the media, whether through sensationalist narratives or omission from public debate, functions as a biopolitical instrument that reinforces norms, legitimizes inequalities, and silences discussion about tuberculosis. The study highlights the importance of understanding tuberculosis as a discursive and political issue. The main limitation is the scarcity of studies that interconnect media, biopolitics, and tuberculosis in an intersectional manner.
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