Keywords
Hypertension
Hypertensive crisis
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Abstract
Objective : To highlight the importance of literary knowledge, patient management in episodes of epistaxis early on, combining theoretical and practical knowledge, with emphasis on hypertensive patients and/or hypertensive crises. Bibliographic review: Epistaxis is classified into two categories: anterior or posterior, with 90% of cases involving bleeding in the anterior region. However, posterior epistaxis occurs more frequently in patients over the age of 40 or hypertensive patients, which is the most severe condition where hospitalization is more likely. Arterial hypertension, episodes of liver disease, Von Willebrand's disease, hemophilia, hematological diseases, which cause alterations in platelets, as well as the use of anticoagulants and platelet anti-aggregants can also cause epistaxis crises. There are cases of local epistaxis, where the most commonly observed clinical case is trauma to the nasal region, allergic conditions, upper airway infection, climatic factors (dry weather; winter), chemical components (cocaine) and foreign bodies. Final considerations: First of all, it is necessary for the doctor to understand the theoretical concept of epistaxis episodes, as not all nasal bleeding originates in the mucosa, requiring the necessary and immediate treatment.
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