Abstract
To perform a review in the scientific literature on the action of fatty acids, especially omega-3 and omega-6 during the gestational period. Methods: Bibliographic review approach. Data collection was performed between September and November 2018, using as descriptors "Fatty acids and pregnancy" "Use of omega in pregnancy", "Mechanism of action of the omega in pregnancy" and "Use of omega in pregnancy, advantages and disadvantages", inserted in the databases PUBMED, Science Direct, NCBI and Scielo, using as inclusion criterion original articles available, published between 2010 and 2018, in the English and Portuguese languages. Results: Of the 19 articles that compose this research, it was verified that the use of omega, mainly of class 3 are necessary for the gestational period, because they contribute to the well-being of the pregnant woman and the concept, preventing premature birth, preeclampsia, low weight of the baby, and others. Conclusion: Based on recent research on the use of polyunsaturated fatty acids, it was possible to verify that the supplementation with omega-3 is favorable for the maternal-fetal binomial.