Keywords
Covid-19
Epidemiology
Health Surveillance
Lethality
How to Cite
Copyright © | All rights reserved.
The journal holds the exclusive copyright for the publication of this article under the terms of Brazilian law 9610/98.
Partial reproduction
The use of parts of the texts, figures and questionnaire of the article is free, being mandatory the citation of the authors and journal.
Total reproduction
It is expressly prohibited and must be authorized by the journal.
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of dengue in the municipalities of Goiatuba and Morrinhos, Goiás, from 2018 to 2024, and to assess the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on its dynamics. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional, retrospective, and quantitative study using data from SINAN and local epidemiological units. Variables included confirmed cases, hospitalizations, diagnostic criteria, and lethality. Results: Before the pandemic (2018–2019), dengue followed a typical seasonal pattern, with peaks in April and May. During the pandemic (2020–2021), there was a sharp decline in cases and hospitalizations, suggesting underreporting due to prioritization of Covid-19 response. In 2022, with the resumption of surveillance, incidence rose significantly, exceeding pre-pandemic levels, especially in Morrinhos. In 2023–2024, cases decreased but remained above pre-pandemic levels. Goiatuba mainly relied on clinical-epidemiological diagnoses, while Morrinhos predominated in laboratory confirmations. Lethality remained low in both municipalities. Conclusion: The pandemic directly affected dengue notification and diagnosis, altering its epidemiological pattern. Strengthening surveillance, prevention, and vector-control strategies is essential to reduce the impact of overlapping health crises.
References
ALLA D, ALLA S. Dengue & COVID-19: A comparison and the challenges at hand. Cureus, 2022; 14(8): e28106.
ALMEIDA IF, et al. How heterogeneous is the dengue transmission profile in Brazil? A study in six Brazilian states. PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2022; 16(6): e0010746.
ALMEIDA JL, et al. Análise da prevalência da dengue na região Norte entre os anos de 2018 a 2021. Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde, 2024; 24(7): e16483.
ALMEIDA MT, et al. Latin America’s dengue outbreak poses a global health threat. Viruses, 2025; 17(1): 57.
BHATT P, et al. Current understanding of the pathogenesis of dengue virus infection. Curr Microbiol, 2021; 78: 17–32.
COI – Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Dengue: longa trajetória. 2025. Disponível em: https://www.ioc.fiocruz.br/dengue/textos/longatraje.html. Acessado em: 22 mar. 2025.
DIAS NCL, FACCINI-MARTÍNEZ AA, OLIVEIRA SV. Análise das internações e da mortalidade por doenças febris, infecciosas e parasitárias durante a pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil. SciELO Preprints, 2020; e1502.
GAGOSSIAN D. Análise epidemiológica da COVID-19 e da dengue em meio a um cenário pandêmico em Palmas-TO. Revista de Medicina (São Paulo), 2022; 101(2): e-189145.
LACERDA NETO AC, et al. A incidência de dengue no Brasil, pós-pandemia COVID-19: redução do número de casos ou aumento de subnotificações? Uma revisão integrativa. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 2023; 6(1): 3010–3021.
LUSTIG Y, et al. Potential antigenic cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 and dengue viruses. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2020; 71(10): 2925–2927.
MASCARENHAS MDM, et al. Ocorrência simultânea de COVID-19 e dengue: o que os dados revelam? Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 2020; 36(6): e00126520.
MEDEIROS A, et al. Relação entre condições climáticas e incidência de dengue no Centro-Oeste brasileiro. Revista de Saúde Pública, 2024; 58(2): e021014.
OLIVEIRA AN, et al. Mixed-effects modelling for crossed and nested data: an analysis of dengue fever in the state of Goiás, Brazil. J Appl Stat, 2020; 47: 2912–2926.
OMS. Declaração de abertura do Diretor-Geral da OMS na coletiva de imprensa sobre a COVID-19 – 11 de março de 2020. 2020. Disponível em: https://www.who.int/. Acessado em: 22 mar. 2025.
PAULA F, FERREIRA J, JÚNIOR E, ALVES I e NARVAES JV. Incidência da dengue durante a Covid-19. Brazilian Journal of Surgery and Clinical Research – BJSCR, 2023; 44(2): 73–78.
ROCHA R, et al. O papel do SINAN na vigilância em saúde no Brasil: avanços e desafios. Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia, 2020; 23: e200015.
RODRIGUEZ-MORALES AJ, et al. COVID-19 in Latin America: The implications of the first confirmed case in Brazil. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, 2020; 35: 101613.
SOUSA NF, et al. Padrões temporais dos casos prováveis de dengue antes e durante a pandemia de COVID-19, Jaboatão dos Guararapes-PE. Revista de Epidemiologia e Controle de Infecção, 2024; 14(2): e18894.
TABNET Win32 3.3. Dengue – Notificações registradas no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação – Goiás. Gov.br, 2025. Disponível em: http://tabnet.datasus.gov.br/cgi/tabcgi.exe?sinannet/cnv/denguebgo.def. Acessado em: 9 ago. 2025.
TANGSATHAPORNPONG A, THISYAKORN U. Dengue amid COVID-19 pandemic. PLOS Global Public Health, 2023; 3(2): e0001558.
YAN G, et al. False-positive COVID-19 antibody test in a patient with dengue fever. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2020; 26(8): 1930–1931.
YANG P, WANG X. COVID-19: a new challenge for human beings. Cell Mol Immunol, 2020; 17: 555–557.