Keywords
Pregnancy
Doctor-patient relationship
Treatment adherence
Vertical transmission
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Abstract
Objective: To analyze the role of the doctor-patient relationship in adherence to HIV treatment during pregnancy, emphasizing the prevention of vertical transmission. Literature review: The reviewed literature shows that despite high coverage of prenatal care and antiretroviral therapy (ART), adherence often falls short of the threshold necessary to eliminate vertical transmission. Several factors negatively influence this process, such as persistent stigma, fear of disclosure, insufficient social support, structural barriers, and challenges in doctor-patient communication. These barriers can compromise continuity of care and reduce treatment effectiveness. On the other hand, strategies based on empathy, active listening, clear communication, and respect for autonomy strengthen therapeutic bonds, improve trust, and facilitate treatment adherence. Patient-centered practices proved essential to overcome resistance, foster a sense of safety, and ensure long-term engagement. Final considerations: Adherence to HIV treatment among pregnant women is strongly influenced by the quality of the doctor-patient relationship. Strengthening this bond, in association with interprofessional strategies and a humanized approach, is key to reducing vertical transmission and improving maternal and child outcomes.
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