Keywords
Diagnosis
Therapy
Vertigo
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Abstract
Objective: To identify the main diagnostic and therapeutic advances related to Ménière's disease. Methods: Integrative review with a search conducted in the PubMed/MEDLINE, SciELO, Google Scholar, and Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases. Articles published between 2015 and 2023 in English that addressed epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of the disease were included. After initial screening of 747 studies, 20 comprised the final sample. Data were extracted using standardized forms and critically analyzed for scientific relevance and methodological quality. Results: Relevant diagnostic advances were identified, including the use of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and functional biomarkers such as cVEMP and electrocochleogram. In the therapeutic field, evidence was observed for the use of betahistine as first-line treatment, intratympanic corticosteroids as an alternative in refractory cases, in addition to the judicious use of intratympanic gentamicin and endolymphatic sac surgery. Recent studies also discuss experimental therapies and pathophysiological mechanisms related to inflammation and genetic factors. Final considerations: The treatment of Ménière's disease is moving towards a more personalized approach supported by diagnostic imaging technologies and functional biomarkers. Despite advances, significant gaps remain in therapeutic standardization and validation of new interventions in multicenter clinical trials.
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