Surgical management in patients with hereditary coagulopathies

Abstract

Objective: To describe the management and surgical approach of patients with hereditary coagulopathies. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 20 articles in English originating from the insertion of topic-specific descriptions in the Google Scholar, Scielo, and PubMed databases, using the following descriptions: "von Willebrand disease," "hemophilia A," "blood coagulation," and "oral surgery." Literature review: The review highlighted that the management of these patients has evolved toward more individualized and interdisciplinary protocols, involving the dentist and hematologist. There is consensus that these patients present a high risk of bleeding, requiring careful planning and detailed preoperative evaluation, including tests such as PT/INR and APTT. Furthermore, if there is convergence between authors on the use of tranexamic acid in the majority of cases, it will not be necessary to discontinue anticoagulants. Conclusion: surgical management in patients with coagulopathies requires an individualized, interdisciplinary approach based on updated protocols. The use of antifibrinolytics, the maintenance of oral anticoagulants in many cases and the use of rigorous local hemostatic measures allow for greater safety and predictability, making effective treatment possible without compromising the patient's systemic health.