Keywords
Respiratory infections
Viruses
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Abstract
Objective: To analyze the national literature on the etiology of viral respiratory infections in Brazilian children, considering primary and hospital care. Methods: This is an integrative literature review conducted between December 2024 and January 2025, using databases such as PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and LILACS. The selection followed the PICO strategy, including articles published in the last 10 years on children up to 12 years of age infected with respiratory viruses. Results: A total of 1,425 studies were identified, of which seven met the inclusion criteria. SARS-CoV-2 was the most studied virus (57.1%), followed by respiratory syncytial virus (28.6%) and rhinovirus-C (14.3%). The review reinforces the relevance of viral respiratory infections in child health, highlighting regional inequalities in access to diagnosis and treatment. The interaction between viral agents and socioeconomic factors was also observed, highlighting the importance of preventive measures. Final considerations: The study emphasizes the need for greater investment in early diagnosis, immunization, and epidemiological monitoring. Future research is suggested to further analyze viral coinfections and the impact of preventive interventions on childhood morbidity and mortality.
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