Clinical-epidemiological profile between 2019 and 2023 of patients diagnosed with acute abdomen at a reference hospital in the far north of Brazil

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients diagnosed with acute abdomen at a referral hospital in the far north of Brazil. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive study involving a review of 294 medical records, regardless of gender, of individuals over 18 years of age, admitted between 2019 and 2023 to the General Hospital of Roraima for acute abdomen. The following variables were investigated: age, sex, type, etiology, exams, length of hospital stay, surgical treatment, outcome, and complications. Descriptive analyses were performed and added to spreadsheets using inferential tests and calculations using software. Approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: Approximately 76.5% were due to Inflammatory Abdomen, followed by obstructive with 14.3%; perforative with 7%; hemorrhagic with 1.2% and ischemic with 1%. Appendicitis was the prevalent cause with 58.2%, affecting young people with 28% between 18 and 25 years old, short hospitalization period (3 days; SD: 3.752) with 95.5% discharge after treatment (92.5% of surgeries were appendectomy). Conclusion: Inflammatory abdomen is the most common acute abdomen, with appendicitis being the prevalent cause. Its patients are young, with no predominance of gender, undergoing appendectomy, with a low mortality rate.