Keywords
Milk
Nutraceutical
Dietary supplement
Bioactive substance
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Abstract
Objective: To review the characteristics and applications of bovine colostrum (BC), exploring its zootechnical aspects, chemical and nutritional composition, health evidence related to human consumption, and the Brazilian regulatory scenario. Literature review: BC, the first post-partum mammary secretion, has a nutritional composition different from mature milk, being rich in proteins, bioactive peptides (immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, growth factors), vitamins (A, E, B-complex), and minerals (calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, and magnesium). Its quality is influenced by zootechnical factors, while its safety and stability depend on processes such as cooling, freezing, or dehydration. BC is widely used internationally as a medicine or dietary supplement. In Brazil, the National Health Surveillance Agency (Anvisa) has regulated its use as an ingredient in dietary supplements, limited to a maximum of 4 g/day for individuals aged 19 years or older. Human clinical studies indicate ergogenic potential, modulation of the immune and anti-inflammatory response, and intestinal protection. Conclusion: BC constitutes a complex matrix of bioactive components with nutritional relevance and therapeutic potential. However, further research, particularly through clinical trials, is essential to characterize the health evidence and to guide its rational use as a dietary supplement for humans.
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