Challenges in Visceral Leishmaniasis research: economics, public policies and drug innovations

Abstract

Objective: To understand the challenges in research on visceral leishmaniasis, taking into account the perceptions of different stakeholders, including economic aspects, public policies, and pharmaceutical innovations. Methods: This is an exploratory qualitative study based on Grounded Theory. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews conducted between August 2023 and September 2024.
Results: Seventeen interviews were conducted, yielding 467 coded excerpts that revealed the following findings: (1) Drug development for diseases faces scientific and clinical challenges, as well as a lack of economic interest from the pharmaceutical industry; (2) Strategic partnerships among academia, social organizations, and governments are essential, as is social participation in the implementation of effective programs; (3) Market-oriented research logic hinders progress due to limited financial returns; (4) Robust public policies and health sovereignty are fundamental to creating a favorable research environment, ensuring an autonomous and sustainable response to the challenges posed by the disease.
Conclusion: Research and drug development face significant obstacles, such as lack of political priority, economic disinterest, and limited resources. However, strategic partnerships, social participation, robust public policies, and the strengthening of health sovereignty are key to overcoming these challenges.