Keywords
Diabetes mellitus
Lower limb amputation
Diabetic foot ulcer
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Abstract
Objective: To evaluate clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory factors associated with the severity of amputations in patients with diabetic foot treated at a referral emergency department in Rondônia, Brazil. Methods: This was an observational, retrospective, and analytical study conducted between January 2022 and December 2023. Diabetic patients who underwent lower limb amputations due to complications of diabetic foot were included. Cases of traumatic amputations, upper limb amputations, and amputations due to causes unrelated to diabetes were excluded. Results: The final sample consisted of 342 patients, with a mean age of 61.4 ± 12.2 years and a predominance of males (63.2%). Major amputations occurred in 35.9% of cases. There was a statistically significant association between major amputations and advanced age (p < 0.001), anemia, leukocytosis, and thrombocytosis. Multivariate analysis identified age, leukocytosis, and thrombocytosis as independent risk factors for major amputations, while adequate hemoglobin and hematocrit levels acted as protective factors. Conclusion: Advanced age, hematological abnormalities, and markers of systemic inflammation were associated with the occurrence of major amputations in patients with diabetic foot. These findings highlight the importance of risk stratification and early intervention in emergency hospital settings.
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