Keywords
Preterm newborn
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
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Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical - epidemiological and care profile of premature newborns admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Methods: A cross - sectional, descriptive, and inferential study with a quantitative approach was conducted through the analysis of 54 medical records of premature newborns admitted to the NICU of a reference hospital in the state of Pará between March and August 2025. Clinical and perinatal variables were analyzed, including sex, gestational age, birth weight, Apgar score, therapeutic interventions, and clinical outcome. Results: Males predominated (57.41%). A high frequency of very low birth weight (48.15%) and gestational age between 28 and 31 weeks (48.15%) was observed. In the first minute, 62.97% presented an Apgar score <7, with improvement in the fifth minute in 77.78% of cases. Respiratory distress syndrome occurred in 96.30% of neonates. All newborns required invasive mechanical ventilation, 77.78% received surfactant, 88.89% used antibiotics, 64.81% required resuscitation at birth, 51.85% received blood transfusions, and 87.04% underwent phototherapy. Conclusion: The newborns presented high clinical vulnerability and a great demand for intensive interventions, highlighting the complexity of neonatal care.
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