Keywords
Physical exercise
Natural environment
Affect
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Abstract
Objective: To compare the acute effects of physical exercise performed in a green environment and in a green-blue environment on levels of positive and negative affect in hospitalized psychiatric patients. Methods: quasi-experimental study with a pre- and post-intervention design was conducted with patients admitted to a short-term inpatient unit of a hospital in the Brazilian Amazon. Two extra-mural interventions were carried out, lasting approximately four hours: cycling in a predominantly green park and aquatic activity in a riverside recreational area with flowing water and surrounding vegetation. Affect was assessed before and after the interventions using the PANAS scale. Effect sizes (Cohen’s d) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated, adopting a 5% significance level. Results: Both environments promoted significant reductions in negative affect and increases in positive affect. The green-blue environment showed larger effect sizes for reduction of negative affect (d = -1.37 vs. -0.792) and increase of positive affect (d = 1.41 vs. 0.875), indicating greater magnitude of emotional impact, although no statistically significant differences were observed between intervention deltas. Conclusion: Nature-based interventions significantly improved affect in hospitalized psychiatric patients, with greater effect magnitude observed in green-blue environments.
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