Keywords
Benign lesions
Renal carcinoma
Imaging tests
How to Cite
Copyright © | All rights reserved.
The journal holds the exclusive copyright for the publication of this article under the terms of Brazilian law 9610/98.
Partial reproduction
The use of parts of the texts, figures and questionnaire of the article is free, being mandatory the citation of the authors and journal.
Total reproduction
It is expressly prohibited and must be authorized by the journal.
Abstract
Objective: To describe a case of follicular hyperplasia and another of cavernous hemangioma that were considered renal neoplasms, with the definitive diagnosis confirmed by histopathological studies after surgical intervention. Case details: A 48-year-old male patient, complaining of renal colic, presented with an imaging scan showing a solid nodule in the left kidney, measuring 1.6 cm in its largest diameter. A 36-year-old female patient presented with lower back pain; investigation revealed a nodular image in the left kidney, measuring 1.8 cm, with suspected malignancy. Laboratory tests were normal. Both underwent partial nephrectomy. Histopathological examination of the first patient was compatible with follicular hyperplasia and of the second with cavernous hemangioma. The patients progressed without complications, remaining asymptomatic during follow-up. Final considerations: Solid renal masses often raise suspicion of renal cell carcinoma because they are more frequent than other types of lesions. This study highlights the difficulty in correlating renal nodules with other differential diagnoses due to the similarity between symptoms and findings on imaging exams.
References
BAI X, WU CL. Renal cell carcinoma and mimics: pathologic primer for radiologists. American Journal of Roentgenology, 2012; 198(6): 1289-1293.
BHATT S, et al. Renal pseudotumors. American Journal of Roentgenology, 2007; 188(5): 1380-1387.
CAMPBELL SC, et al. Renal mass and localized renal cancer: evaluation, management, and follow-up: AUA guideline: Part I. Journal of Urology, 2021; 206(2): 199-208.
CAMPBELL SC, et al. Renal mass and localized renal cancer: evaluation, management, and follow-up: AUA guideline: Part II. Journal of Urology, 2021; 206(2): 209-218.
GEENEN RWF, et al. Sonography, CT, and MRI of giant cavernous hemangioma of the kidney: correlation with pathologic findings. American Journal of Roentgenology, 2004; 182(2): 411-414.
HERMOSA AR, et al. Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum. Cirugía y Cirujanos, 2021; 89(6): 818-821.
JALLOULI M, et al. Large cavernous hemangioma of the kidney mimicking a renal cancer: A diagnostic challenge. Medical & Clinical Reviews, 2016; 2(3): 143.
JEON HG, et al. Imaging findings of common benign renal tumors in the era of small renal masses: differential diagnosis from small renal cell carcinoma. Korean Journal of Radiology, 2015; 16(1): 99-113.
KHAZAAL AS, et al. Radio-pathological diagnosis of a retroperitoneal cavernous hemangioma. Journal of Surgical Case Reports, 2023; 2023(3): rjad095.
LEE JW, et al. Hiding in the kidney: a series of 13 lymphoid proliferations clinically mimicking renal carcinoma. Virchows Archiv, 2025.
LJUNGBERG B, et al. EAU Guidelines on Renal Cell Carcinoma. European Association of Urology: Arnhem-The Netherlands, 2025.
MATSUI Y, et al. Primary retroperitoneal cavernous hemangioma: A case report and review of the literature. Urology Case Reports, 2024; 54: 102691.
MIRANDA EQ, et al. Hemangioma cavernoso: relato de caso. Arquivos Brasileiros de Neurocirurgia, 2013; 32(4): 255-258.
PRASAD SR, et al. Benign renal neoplasms in adults: cross-sectional imaging findings. American Journal of Roentgenology, 2006; 187(2): 469-472.
REID J, REZK SA. Follicular hyperplasia. PathologyOutlines.com, 2026. Disponível em: https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/lymphnodesfollicularhyperplasia.html. Acesso em: 4 mar. 2026.
SADIQ M, et al. Morphological study of reactive follicular hyperplasia lymph node. Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 2014; 8: 398-402.
SÁNCHEZ-MARTÍN FM, et al. Small renal masses: incidental diagnosis, clinical symptoms, and prognostic factors. Advances in Urology, 2008; 2008: 310694.
SHARMA R, et al. Cavernous hemangioma of the kidney: A report of two cases and review of the literature. Urology Annals, 2012; 4(3): 141-143.
SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE UROLOGIA. Câncer renal: diagnóstico e estadiamento. Projeto Diretrizes. Associação Médica Brasileira e Conselho Federal de Medicina: São Paulo-SP, 2006.
VARA LP. Hematopatologia. In: LEITE KRM, COSTA FD. Patologia geral. 1a ed. Sociedade Brasileira de Patologia: São Paulo-SP, 2025; p488-510.
WANG CJ, et al. CT and MRI of small renal masses. British Journal of Radiology, 2018; 1(1): 1-15.