Physical activity practice among women during the breastfeeding period

Abstract

Objective: To map the practice of physical activity among breastfeeding women in the scientific literature at the primary and secondary healthcare levels, identifying evidence of safety, benefits, and care gaps. Methods: A scoping review was conducted according to the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute and guided by PRISMA-ScR. Searches were performed in the BVS, CINAHL, Embase, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, without language or period restrictions. After applying the eligibility criteria, five studies comprised the final sample, with a narrative synthesis of the data. Results: Low adherence to physical activity during breastfeeding was observed, associated with maternal overload and the absence of professional guidance. Evidence indicates that light to moderate intensity exercise is safe, not compromising milk production or composition, infant intake, or infant growth. Physical and psychosocial benefits were also described, including improved cardiovascular fitness and well-being. Final considerations: The practice proves to be safe and beneficial, but still poorly systematized in care, highlighting gaps in the standardization of procedures and in professional qualification.