Keywords
Maternal and child health
Health education
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Abstract
Objective: To analyze conditions sensitive to prenatal care associated with unfavorable maternal and perinatal outcomes, identifying evidence on effective interventions for reducing morbidity and mortality and for the early detection of gestational risk factors. Methods: An integrative literature review was conducted using the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (PubMed), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (Virtual Health Library), and Scientific Electronic Library Online databases. Studies published between 2015 and 2025, in any language, on the impact of prenatal care on pregnancy outcomes were included. Results: Eight studies, conducted in different countries and with varying designs, were included. The analysis allowed for the organization of three thematic categories: maternal and perinatal outcomes, prenatal care models, and prenatal health education. The findings showed an association between inadequate prenatal care and a higher incidence of pre-eclampsia, prematurity, low birth weight, and neonatal mortality. Positive effects of group prenatal care and educational interventions on obstetric and emotional outcomes were also observed. Final considerations: The findings indicate that qualified prenatal care is fundamental for the prevention of adverse outcomes, reinforcing the need for expanded care strategies and strengthened public policies.
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