High-risk pregnancy: clinical-epidemiological profile of high-risk pregnant women of Piauí

Abstract

Objective: Analyze the clinical, socioeconomic, and obstetric profile of pregnant women seen at the outpatient clinic and obstetric emergency department of a public high-risk reference maternity hospital in the state of Piauí. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, retrospective, and descriptive study of secondary data collected from the medical records of pregnant women attended at the obstetric emergency admission sector and the prenatal outpatient clinic of a reference hospital in Teresina-PI. A total of 387 medical records were collected, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: A predominance of young, brown-skinned, single pregnant women with low education, income below the minimum wage, and economically inactive was observed. Clinically, the main comorbidities were preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, chronic arterial hypertension, obesity, and urinary tract infection. The variables 'family income' and 'occupation' showed a statistically significant association with the presence of comorbidities. Conclusion: Social vulnerability plays a central role in adverse outcomes related to high-risk pregnancy, being a determinant for negative obstetric outcomes. The findings reinforce the need for public policies aimed at expanding access to health services and integrating the health, education, and social assistance sectors.