Keywords
Alzheimer’s disease
Neuroinflammation
Neurodegeneratio
Cytokines
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Abstract
Objective: To understand the interaction between neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease, highlighting the main pathophysiological mechanisms involved and their therapeutic implications. Methods: This integrative literature review was conducted using the PubMed, SciELO, ScienceDirect, and Virtual Health Library databases, including studies published between 2020 and 2025 in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. After applying the eligibility criteria and reviewing the full texts, 12 articles were included in the final sample. Results: The findings showed that neuroinflammation, mainly induced by β-amyloid accumulation and glial activation, compromises blood-brain barrier integrity through increased vascular permeability, dysfunction of tight junction proteins, and activation of inflammatory pathways such as the NLRP3 inflammasome. A bidirectional relationship was also observed between inflammation and barrier disruption, contributing to the progression of neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Final considerations: The interaction between neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier dysfunction plays a central role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease and represents a promising target for future biomarkers and therapeutic strategies.
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