Keywords
Ergonomics
Smartphone
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Abstract
Objective: To analyze the scientific evidence regarding the repercussions of excessive smartphone use on the development of postural alterations in adolescents. Methods: This is an integrative literature review, with a qualitative approach and descriptive character, conducted in the PubMed, SciELO, MEDLINE, and Acervo+ databases. Descriptors related to adolescents, smartphone use, postural alterations, ergonomics, and musculoskeletal symptoms were used, with a time frame between 2021 and 2026. After the selection process, 12 studies composed the final sample, with a predominance of cross-sectional designs. Results: The findings showed a consistent association between prolonged use and postural changes, highlighting forward head posture and increased biomechanical overload in the cervical region. A direct relationship was observed with musculoskeletal symptoms, especially neck pain, influenced by excessive exposure time, sedentary behavior, and ergonomic inadequacies. Furthermore, psychosocial and behavioral factors may potentiate these outcomes. Final considerations: Excessive smartphone use constitutes an important risk factor for postural alterations, reinforcing the need for preventive strategies, ergonomic education, and encouragement of physical activity. As a limitation, the methodological heterogeneity of the analyzed studies is highlighted.
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