Keywords
Rotavirus
Diarrhea
Child
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Abstract
Objective: To determine the frequency of norovirus and its genogroups in fecal samples of children under two years of age, hospitalized for acute diarrhea in northeastern Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional, prospective study between February 2007 and April 2010. Acute diarrhea was defined as the presence of three or more stools of decreased consistency or the presence of at least one stool with visibly present blood within a 24-hour period, lasting up to 14 days. Stool samples were analyzed using RT-PCR. Results: A total of 103 children were studied. Norovirus was identified in 30.1% of the children, with genogroup GII identified in 100% of the positive samples. Vomiting was present in 74.2% of children with norovirus-positive fecal samples, representing a statistically significant association. Conclusion: Norovirus was identified as a major enteric pathogen, detected in one-third of hospitalized children with acute diarrhea. The significant association with vomiting reinforces its distinct clinical role in pediatric gastroenteritis. These findings underscore the need for continued surveillance and further research to understand the evolving epidemiology of viral gastroenteritis in the post-rotavirus vaccine period in Brazil.
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