Keywords
Diabetes mellitus
Primary Health Care
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Abstract
Objective: To analyze the use of telepharmacy in the pharmacotherapeutic follow-up of patients with diabetes mellitus in Primary Health Care (PHC), considering treatment adherence, glycemic control, self-care, and quality of life. Methods: This is an integrative literature review conducted in six stages, with the guiding research question structured according to the PICO strategy. The literature search was carried out in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) and the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) databases through the Virtual Health Library (VHL), as well as through the CAPES Journal Portal, including the Web of Science, CINAHL, and Scopus databases. Studies published between 2019 and 2026 in English, Portuguese, and Spanish were included, provided they addressed outcomes related to treatment adherence, glycemic control, and quality of life. Results: Six studies published between 2019 and 2025 were included, predominantly with prospective designs. Telepharmacy interventions involved telephone calls, text messages, and emails for pharmacotherapeutic follow-up. The findings demonstrated improvements in disease knowledge, self-care practices, and medication adherence, in addition to significant reductions in glycated hemoglobin levels. Final considerations: The evidence indicates that telepharmacy is a promising strategy for monitoring patients with diabetes in PHC. However, the small number of studies and the geographic concentration of publications limit the generalizability of the findings.
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