Abstract
Objective:To report the case of a patient with ureterolithiasis who under went ureteroscopy, a procedure in which difficulties occurred due to the patient's previous pelvic radiotherapy. Case details: 50-year-old patient with a history of low back pain on the right for about a year with a history of oncological treatment for brachytherapy for cervical cancer. The anamnesis revealed that the patient already had a previous history of nephrolithiasis, with a 1.6 cm stone in the right renal pelvis, but after undergoing Shock Wave Extracorporeal Lithotripsy (ESWL), she developed obstructive uropathy due to impaction of the stone fragments. This situation led the patient to undergo endourological treatment. Endoscopic ureterolithotripsy revealed a ureter with distal stenosis and fibrous walls, related to previous radiotherapy. Final considerations: In these cases, it is necessary for the urologist to be alert to the clinical history of each patient, because – when faced with a positive history, he will have a warning sign and will be more prepared due to possible difficulties considering that the adverse effects of radiotherapy treatment may alter the expected results of both ESWL and endoscopic ureterolithotripsy, imposing significant difficulties in treatment.