Abstract
Objective: To describe the clinical manifestations, etiology, and transmission of gestational and congenital syphilis, as well as the criteria for diagnosis and therapeutic recommendations. Bibliographic review: Syphilis when acquired during pregnancy can lead to spontaneous abortion, fetal or neonatal death, prematurity, and serious damage to the health of the fetus, such as ophthalmological, auditory, and neurological impairment. The risk of vertical transmission depends on the stage of maternal infection and the gestational age at which fetal exposure occurs, with 70 to 100% being the vertical transmission rate observed in pregnant women with recent syphilis and 30 to 40% in cases of late syphilis. The diagnosis of syphilis, in the absence of clinical manifestations, is made by serological tests. To confirm the number of pregnant women who present the specific serological test for positive syphilis, there is the VDRL, as well as the FTA / ABS and rapid test. When acquired during pregnancy, syphilis can lead to spontaneous abortion, fetal or neonatal death, prematurity, and serious damage to the health of the fetus, such as ophthalmological, auditory and neurological impairment. Final considerations: It is noticed that the early capture and adherence of the pregnant woman to prenatal care, as well as quality care, give the pregnant woman the opportunity to receive information and guidance that will enable her to prevent an unplanned pregnancy and protect herself from infections sexually transmitted.