Abstract
Objective: To compile recent scientific evidence on the physiological adaptations that occur in the hearts of amateur athletes. Bibliographic review: The practice of physical exercises provides an increase in cardiac work to supply the metabolic demand, which can cause physiological adaptations depending on several factors, such as the type of exercise performed, which is predominantly strength, resistance or mixed. With the popularization of the practice of physical activities by people who do not depend on sport as a source of income, amateur athletes, the analysis of records of physiological cardiac adaptations induced by exercise that may occur in these individuals has become significant. With that, it was possible to observe the main adaptations in resistance exercise practitioners, which include the morphological adaptations of the heart, in the electrical impulse conduction system, in addition to biochemical and functional adaptations of the cardiovascular system. Already those induced by strength exercises, predominantly include morphological and functional adaptations, while those developed by the practice of mixed exercises include functional, morphological and electrical changes. Final considerations: There is a need for greater cardiological monitoring in amateur athletes, in view of the increased risk of cardiovascular complications in these athletes.