Abstract
Objective: to discuss the increase of childhood and adolescent obesity associated with cardiovascular risks that this disease can cause in adults. Literature Review: Childhood obesity is growing at an alarming rate throughout the world. In Brazil, it is already considered one of the main public health problems as this pathology causes several risks to all age groups, including children, adolescents and especially adults. Among these risks: diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke are just a few examples. In addition, it should be noted that more than half of the obese children become obese adults as well, thereby increasing the number of cardiac patients. Final Considerations: Since heart diseases are the main cause of deaths in the world and childhood obesity is directly related to this pathology in adults, it is necessary to conduct longitudinal studies, to monitor the health situation of these children continuously through their lives. Thus, it will be possible to implement better preventive measures, in order to reduce the incidence of heart disease during adulthood.