Abstract
Objective: To review the literature updating the advances obtained in the diagnosis and treatment of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (GNPE). Literature review: GNPE is a late, non-overactive sequel of streptococcy and usually involves quite variable clinical manifestations, from mild or asymptomatic forms to more severe symptomatic cases. It can present endemic or epidemic incidence, being rare in children under 2 years old and more frequent in children aged 7 to 12 years old. Each case needs to be analyzed specifically in terms of treatment, considering several factors: clinical presentation, age, presence or absence of complications and even the socio-cultural and economic conditions of the patient. Research on biomarkers for the identification of patients and vaccines has been proposed and conducted, but they are not yet available to serve especially individuals living in endemic areas. Final considerations: The advances obtained in recent years in terms of differential diagnosis and treatment of GNPE can help health professionals and authorities to overcome this challenge and in the adoption of public policies that act more in the prevention of precursor diseases, such as pharyngitis and skin infections.