Abstract
Objective: To present different studies that address the risk factors, prevention and treatment of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit, in order to inform and guide the conduct of the multidisciplinary health team in the face of this condition. Methods: This article is a systematic review based on research conducted in the electronic data indexers PubMed, Scielo and Pedro, where critical and thorough analyzes of the studies were carried out, with the justification of extracting high-quality evidence.. Results: It was evidenced that pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation increases the mortality rate and the time spent on mechanical ventilation, thus bringing together ten studies in a table in order to present the risk factors that enhance the appearance of this infection, conducts for prevention and protocols for treatment.Final considerations: We can concluede that pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation may have its incidence reduced in intensive care units by performaing certain measures such as oral hygiene, respiratory physiotherapy, administration of probiotics, drainage of secretions and adequate monitoring of the patient. However, it was found that there are few studies that demonstrate the impacts of conducts on other clinical outcomes.