Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to discuss, through a literature review, the etiology and the most suitable treatment protocols for peri-implantitis diseases. Methods: Research was carried out in following databases: Scielo and Medline via Pubmed. As a search strategy, the following descriptors "Decs" were used on Scielo: 'dental implants',' Peri-implantitis', 'Periodontitis', ‘Osseointegration', and also the meshes on Pubmed: ‘dental implants', 'peri-implantitis' and ‘osseointegration'. Overall, 24 studies related to the subject were selected. Results: Osseointegrated implants are being increasingly used in oral rehabilitation. Despite the high rate of success and longevity of this treatment, some cases can be affected by peri-implant diseases. Peri-implantitis is a bacterial infection disease that affects soft and hard tissues around the implant, which can cause the loss of osseointegration. Several factors are identified as causing peri-implant bone loss. As it is multifactorial disease, peri-implantitis can exacerbate the loss of bone height, hamper healing after surgery, and cause implant failure. Final considerations: Treatments for peri-implant diseases are diverse as possible, including surgical and non-surgical treatment, photodynamic therapies and regenerative therapies. As it is a relatively new disease, there is still no consensus among professionals on the best treatment protocol. It is necessary conduct researches that can enable the development of clinical protocols for control and treatment of peri-implantitis disease.