Abstract
Objective: To identify the relationship between Kawasaki disease and the new Coronavirus (COVID-19). Bibliographic review: 91 articles were analyzed, 39 of which were read in full and used in this study. The analysis made possible the perception that infections by the new Coronavirus lead to a hyperinflammatory response or cytokine storm, such as interleukins (IL) 1 and 6, activation of macrophages and the presence of immunoglobulin (Ig) A, causing pathologies such as secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis, Syndrome of acute respiratory dysfunction and changes in coronary arteries similar to Kawasaki disease. Epithelial damage caused by the virus at an early stage, as well as in KD, can induce secondary local endothelitis, which may explain a late auto-inflammatory vasculitic phenotype with positive regulation of interleukins. This increased endothelial inflammation and injury / dysfunction after infection with the new Coronavirus is probably due to the action of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Final considerations: In the last 20 years, viruses of the Coronavirus family have been proposed as participants in the pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease (DK), an acute systemic vasculitis. The documented association raises concerns about whether COVID-19 infection increases the risk of KD.