Abstract
Introduction: The cemento-osseous dysplasias are a non-neoplastic group of bone, characterized by replacement of normal bone to a fibrous connective tissue with metaplastic bone. In general, these lesions are asymptomatic, frequent in females and the radiographic features include well delimited radiopaque mass in jaws bones. Case report: the aim is report a clinical case of a 43 years old blackfemale, which reached dental treatment interest in performing oral rehabilitation in the maxilla and mandible. Regarding the radiographic examination, was observed a mixed-appearance lesion in the bilateral mandible body region, showing dense calcifications and absence of the cortical bone expansion. Discussion: The clinical case highlights the importance of complementary imaging tests to aid the early diagnosis of fibro-osseous lesions that affect the oral cavity and may not present symptoms. It also establishes the responsibility of the dentist to ensure the follow-up of patients diagnosed. Also, is emphasized in this clinical case in order to avoid an incorrect diagnosis which may lead to an invasive and unnecessary treatment.