Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to provide knowledge, through a literature review, concerning the responsibility of the Dental Surgeon to know the pertinent legislation, that can substantiate a legal and safe professional activity. Materials and methods: The research was conducted based on Brazilian Professional Ethical Code of Dentistry that contains rights and duties of the profession, highlighting conducts that should be observed in the clinical practice, setting sanctions to Dental Surgeons in case of infringement, indirectly or by omission, this being the need of fill and proper storage of dental records. The dental documents that compose the clinical records are: clinical sheet, dental recipes, dental certificates, dental services lease agreements and complementary exams. Conclusion: It is necessary to establish a relationship of trust throughout the treatment, always informing and being transparent at actions, keeping a detailed clinical examination, an updated and organized dental record according to the legal recommendations, thus, in cases of noncompliance of the ethical code, the Dental Surgeon will suffer administrative sanctions.