Abstract
Objective: To analyze the main neurological changes associated with arbovirus infection in Brazil. Methods: This is a systematic review of the literature carried out in the databases Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieved System (MEDLINE), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), US National Library of Medicine (PubMed) and Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), through the inclusion of original articles, cohort studies, observational, case series and case reports conducted in Brazil and published in national and international journals in the period 2010 to 2020. Results: Initially, 1445 scientific articles were identified. After reading the titles and abstracts, 98 studies were evaluated. Then, 25 articles were selected for the present literature review. The study identified changes associated with infection by ZIKV, CHIKV, DENV and WNV. The changes described were Congenital Syndrome associated with ZIKV infection, Guillain-Barré syndrome, encephalitis, meningoencephalitis, polyneuropathy, neuropathy, Acute Transverse Myelitis, corroborating similar findings in the literature. Final considerations: The study made it possible to identify the main neurological complications associated with arbovirus infections in Brazil, especially meningitis, encephalitis, sensory neuropathy, acute transverse myelitis and the congenital syndrome associated with ZIKV infection.