Abstract
Objective: To study the main variables in the Certificate of Live Birth that most influence the Child Mortality Rate in Brazil. Methods: A literature review was carried out using SciELO, Lilacs and Virtual Health Library databases. In the end, a total of 15 articles, 3 books, 2 manuals and 1 ordinance from the Health Ministerial and 1 thesis, published between 2010 and 2020. Results: The variables associated with the child and which most interfere in the Infant Mortality Rate are birth weight and the Ápgar score. Regarding maternal characteristics, the variables that stand out most are age, education, prenatal care and the type of delivery. Final considerations: In Brazil, the main variables that influence the Child Mortality Rate are related, in large part, to the lack of access to basic sanitation, the deficit in health care during pregnancy and the precariousness of maternal socioeconomic conditions. Despite the significant drop in numbers in the Child Mortality Rate, in recent years, the values of this index still remain below the reality of developed countries, requiring public policies directed at pregnant women to be more effective.