Abstract
Objective: Identify the main complications of post-kidney transplantation in patients with chronic renal failure in Brazil. Bibliographic review: The study of renal replacement therapy, which evaluated Brazilian legislation, the methods of the Regional Council of Medicine and the prevalent complications, was essential for improving information on the quality of life of patients with chronic renal failure, kidney transplantation being the most complete therapy, which can be performed by living and deceased donors. However, it is a complex treatment that involves complications, immunological and infectious, which we intend to review in this article. Final considerations: Complications after kidney transplantats are mainly due to rejection, infection and vascular changes. They have an intimate relationship with the conditions of the recipient, the donor, the type of transplant (living or deceased donor) and the immunosuppression used. It is important that the team is attentive to all risks to minimize complications or identify them early.