Abstract
Objective: To analyze descriptively studies that address the immunosuppressants used in the context of heart transplantation. Methods: 164 articles were identified in databases Bireme, Pubmed, Scientic Electronic Library (Scielo), Literatura Latino-americana-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE), of which 27 were included, according to specific criteria. Results: Factors that influence the therapeutic choice of immunosuppressants have been identified. Among these, adverse effects, benefits and drug interactions stand out. In addition, studies have been found that assess the benefits of new drugs. Final considerations: the existence and importance of several immunosuppressants used to increase the life span of the cardiac graft and reduce mortality rates was verified. However, they have many adverse effects that limit their use. Thus, new drugs are highlighted, as they seek to minimize adverse effects as well as to increase patient tolerance and survival rates of patients undergoing the procedure.