Abstract
Objective: To examine the forms of vertical transmission of syphilis in order to adopt preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic measures in pregnant patients. Methods: Integrative literature review carried out in the SciELO, LILACS, BDENF and MEDLINE databases, through the following DECS: "congenital syphilis" and "prenatal diagnosis". Available articles in Portuguese, Spanish and English that addressed the theme, in the last ten years. Results: There was an increase in cases of gestational syphilis and congenital syphilis (CS), with an average detection rate of 20.1 cases/1000 live births for SG and 5.7 cases/1000 births There are factors that influence late diagnosis and poor adherence to treatment, so it is necessary to act in different spheres to fight syphilis, and the best measure of prevention for CS is to carry out the adequate prenatal care where the pregnant women had six or more consultations. Final considerations: The preventive measures to be taken are rapid diagnosis, health education, the use of barrier contraceptive method, complete treatment during discovery, thus making transplacental transmission more difficult.