Abstract
Objective: To identify, thought a literature review, the existence of significant damage to the intellectual development of children with myopia, reaffirming the need for early diagnosis and treatment. Bibliographic review: Myopia is characterized by the inability of the eye to accommodate the light directed to it on the retina itself, forming the image anteriorly, and making distant vision of objects difficult. This pathology has a significant prevalence in childhood, constituting one of the important factors for low visual acuity. At the same time, the first years of life are the most important for the child's development, thus, low visual acuity can compromise neuromotor development, manual skills, language and cognition. Final considerations: The development of a child's intellectual skills is a process dependent on sensory information received through vision. Thus, identifying low visual acuity in schoolchildren, specifically myopia, becomes essential for their proper cognitive development.