Palabras clave
Enfermedades neurodegenerativas
Cannabis medicinal
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Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar los efectos de los cannabinoides en el tratamiento y/o alivio de síntomas de enfermedades neurodegenerativas, tales como: Parkinson, Enfermedad de Alzheimer y Esclerosis Múltiple. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión integrativa con la intención de recopilar los principales resultados del uso de cannabinoides en la prevención y control de enfermedades neurodegenerativas con enfoque en las enfermedades de Parkinson, Alzheimer y Esclerosis Múltiple. Se seleccionaron artículos científicos disponibles en el portal Periódicos Capes distribuidos en las bases de datos PubMed, Science Direct y Medline. Resultados: Se encontraron 331 artículos científicos, filtrados únicamente por ensayos clínicos, luego del cribado se leyeron 52 textos completos y se seleccionaron 21 artículos para revisión. Los artículos seleccionados demuestran resultados positivos en la mejora de los síntomas y la calidad de vida general en todas las patologías. La mayoría de los estudios fueron realizados en países europeos, demostrando la necesidad de una mayor inversión en investigación clínica con cannabinoides, principalmente en Sudamérica. Consideraciones finales: Con el análisis de los textos, es posible concluir que los cannabinoides Tetrahidrocannabinol y Cannabidiol son compuestos beneficiosos en ensayos clínicos con resultados positivos en el control y prevención de los síntomas de las tres enfermedades neurodegenerativas elegidas para esta revisión.
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