Palabras clave
Salud del Adulto Mayor
Diagnóstico de Enfermería
Restricción Física
Cómo citar
Copyright © | Todos los derechos reservados.
La revista posee los derechos de autor exclusivos para la publicación de este artículo en los términos de la ley brasileña 9610/98.
Reproducción parcial
El uso de partes de los textos, figuras y cuestionario del artículo es libre, siendo obligatoria la citación de los autores y revista.
Reproducción total
Está expresamente prohibido y debe ser autorizado por la revista.
Resumen
Objetivos: Identificar en la literatura las consecuencias de la restricción física en ancianos hospitalizados y mapear estas repercusiones con indicadores clínicos de diagnósticos de enfermería de la NANDA-I. Métodos: Estudio de revisión integradora cuyo enfoque fue la comparación entre hallazgos e indicadores clínicos de diagnósticos de enfermería. El período de recolección de datos abarcó de abril a mayo de 2024. Resultados: Luego del cribado inicial de la literatura, se identificaron 79 estudios que abordaron el tema, evaluados integralmente en una segunda etapa, resultando en 23 publicaciones. Resultados: Se encontraron nueve diagnósticos de enfermería. Se consideró como factor determinante la “deterioro de la movilidad física”, dado que se produce, según la NANDA-I, cuando existe una limitación independiente y voluntaria del cuerpo, como las restricciones de movilidad. Las características definitorias de los diagnósticos que representan las consecuencias de la restricción física se establecieron a partir del mapeo entre los hallazgos de la literatura y los elementos diagnósticos incluidos en la NANDA-I. Consideraciones finales: Es necesario que los enfermeros sean conscientes del mal uso de las sujeciones en personas mayores, así como desarrollar protocolos para prevenir y tratar las consecuencias negativas relacionadas a esta práctica en el contexto del cuidado.
Referencias
ANDRADE MRS, et al. Percepção da equipe multiprofissional sobre a contenção mecânica de idosos: paradoxos do cuidado. Geriatr., Gerontol. Aging, [S.L.], 2020; 14(3): 181-188.
AKIYAMA K et al. Association between physical restraint requirement and unfavorable neurologic outcomes in subarachnoid hemorrhage. Journal of Intensive Care, 2021; 9(24).
BERGER S, et al. Adverse events related to physical restraint use in intensive care units: a review of the literature. J. Intensive Care Med, [S.L.], 2023; 1(1): 1-8.
BILLIG AE, et al. Delirium in the elderly admitted to an emergency hospital service. Rev. Bras. Enferm., 2022; 75(4): e20210054.
CANZAN F, et al. Nurses’ views on the use of physical restraints in intensive care: A qualitative study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, [S.L.], 2021; 18(18): 9646.
CAPELETTO CSG, et al. Contenção mecânica em idosos da atenção domiciliar: estudo transversal. Rev Gaúcha Enferm., 2021;42: e20190410.
CHOU MY, et al. The adverse effects of physical restraint use among older adult patients admitted to the internal medicine wards: A hospital-based retrospective cohort study. J Nutr Health Aging, [S.L.], 2020; 24(2): 160-165.
CLINICALTRIALS.GOV. Impact of a decision-making tool to guide the use of physical restraints in intensive care unit patients. a multicentre randomized stepped-wedge trial. 2022.
DANTAS HLL, et al. Como Elaborar Uma Revisão Integrativa: Sistematização Do Método Científico. Rev Recien., São Paulo, 2021; 12(37): 334-345.
DELVALLE R, et al. Mechanical Restraint in Nursing Homes in Brazil: a cross-sectional study. Rev Bras Enferm, [S.L.], 2020; 73(3): 1-8.
ERTUGRUL B e ÖZDEN, D. The effect of physical restraint on neurovascular complications in intensive care units. Australian Critical Care, 2020; 33: 30-38.
ESKANDARI F, et al. Use of physical restraint: Nurses’ knowledge, attitude, intention and practice and influencing factors. JCN, [S.L.], 2017; 26(23–24): 4479-4488.
FARIÑA-LÓPEZ E, et al. Physical Restraint Use With Elderly Patients. Nurs. Res., [S.L.], 2018; 67(1): 55-59.
FERRÃO SAS, et al. A cross-sectional study on nurses’ attitudes towards physical restraints use in nursing homes in Portugal. Nurs. Open, [S.L.], 2021; 8(4): 1571-1577.
FRANCISCO PMSB, et al. Prevalência de doenças crônicas em octogenários: dados da pesquisa nacional de saúde 2019. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, [S.L.], 2022; 27(7): 2655-2665.
FUGGER G, et al. Psychiatric patients’ perception of physical restraint. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2016; 133(3): 221–231.
FUNAYAMA M e TAKATA T. Psychiatric inpatients subjected to physical restraint have a higher risk of deep vein thrombosis and aspiration pneumonia. General Hospital Psychiatry, 2019; 62: 1–5.
HASAN AAH e ABULATTIFAH A. Psychiatric nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and practice towards the use of physical restraints. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 2019; 55(2): 218–224.
HERDMAN T. H, et al. Diagnósticos de Enfermagem da NANDA-I. 12 ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2021.
HOLMGREN A G, et al. Restraint in a neurosurgical setting: A mixed-methods study. World Neurosurgery, 2020; 133: 104-111.
INSTITUTO BRASILEIRO DE GEOGRAFIA E ESTATÍSTICA - IBGE. Censo Demográfico 2022. 2023.
JOANNA BRIGGS INSTITUTE. Levels of evidence. 2013.
LOCKWOOD C, et al. Chapter 2: systematic reviews of qualitative evidence. JBI evid. synth., 2020; 1-48.
MARRIAPAN JUNIOR M, et al. Assessment of Delirium as an Independent Predictor of Outcome among Critically Ill Patients in Intensive Care Unit: a prospective study. Indian Journal Of Critical Care Medicine, [S.L.], 2022; 26(6): 676-681.
NASCIMENTO MV e DIÓGENES VHD. Transição Demográfica no Brasil: Um Estudo Sobre o Impacto do Envelhecimento Populacional na Previdência Social. Revista Evidenciação Contábil & Finanças, 2020: 8(1).
NOMALI M, et al. Physical restraint and associated factors in adult patients in intensive care units: A cross-sectional study in north of Iran. Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine, 2022; 26(2): 192-198.
OKUMURA Y, et al. Association of physical restraint duration and undesirable outcomes amongst inpatients comorbid with dementia and pneumonia in acute care settings. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 2023; 32(17–18): 6394–6402.
PAIXÃO, L et al. ICU delirium burden predicts functional neurologic outcomes. Plos One, 2021; 16(12): e0259840.
PALESE A, et al. Does missed nursing care influence the use of physical restraint and its duration in acute medical patients? Secondary analysis of a longitudinal study. Nurs Health Sci, [S.L.], 2020; 22(4): 929-940.
SHARIFI A, et al. The principles of physical restraint use for hospitalized elderly people: an integrated literature review. Syst. Rev., [S.L.], 2021; 10(1): 2-10.
SOENO S, et al. Association between the use of physical restraint and functional decline among older inpatients admitted with pneumonia in an acute care hospital: a retrospective cohort study. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr., [S.L.], 2021; 94(1): 1-6.
SOUZA LMS, et al. Factors associated with mechanical restraint in the hospital environment: a cross-sectional study. Rev Esc Enferm USP, [S.L.], 2019; 53(0): 1-8.
SPENNATO U, et al. Prevalence, Risk Factors and Outcomes Associated with Physical Restraint in Acute Medical Inpatients over 4 Years-A Retrospective Cohort Study. Geriatrics, [S.L.], 2023; 8(1): 15-26.
SULIMAN M. Prevalence of physical restraint among ventilated intensive care unit patients. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 2018; 27(19–20): 3490–3496.
THOMANN S, et al. Restraint use in the acute-care hospital setting: A cross-sectional multi-centre study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 2021; 114: 103807.
WANG J, et al. Risk factors for the incidence of delirium in cerebrovascular patients in a Neurosurgery Intensive Care Unit: A prospective study. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 2018; 27(1–2): 407–415.
WANG Y, et al. A nomogram for predicting physical restraint of patients in intensive care unit. Emergency Medicine International, 2023; 1-8.
WEN X, et al. Application of Joanna Briggs Institute physical restraint standards to critical emergency department patients following CONSORT guidelines. Medicine, 2020; 99(50): e23108.
YE, J. et al. Physical restraint in mental health nursing: A concept analysis. Int. J. Nurs. Sci., [S.L.], 2019; 6(3): 343-348.
ZHANG M, et al. Incidence, predictors and health outcomes of delirium in very old hospitalized patients: a prospective cohort study. BMC geriatrics, 2022; 22(1).