Palabras clave
Citocinas
BCG
Adultos
Neonatos
Cómo citar
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Resumen
Objetivo: Evaluar las principales citoquinas caracterizadas luego de la inducción de inmunidad entrenada por la vacuna BCG, en adultos y neonatos sanos, y verificar si los resultados encontrados en estos dos grupos presentan similitudes o divergencias en las citoquinas. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión sistemática de la literatura, utilizando las bases de datos NCBI (plataforma PubMed) y Capes Periodicals para buscar y seleccionar artículos, utilizando cinco descriptores. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que no existen grandes diferencias entre los hallazgos de citoquinas medidos en adultos y neonatos, luego de la inducción de inmunidad entrenada por la vacuna BCG. Estos resultados sugieren que la inmunidad entrenada ocurre a cualquier edad. Dos de los estudios seleccionados abordaron los resultados de las citoquinas medidas después de un año, demostrando la permanencia de la inmunidad entrenada inducida por BCG en este período. IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α fueron las citocinas que más se destacaron en los diez artículos seleccionados, ya que demostraron niveles séricos elevados en la mayoría de los estudios. Consideraciones finales: Se necesitan más estudios a largo plazo para comprender mejor la inmunidad entrenada, lo que beneficiaría el avance de nuevas vacunas destinadas a la protección humana contra diferentes tipos de infecciones por microorganismos.
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