Palabras clave
Flebótomos
Entomología médica
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Resumen
Objetivo: Describir la fauna, así como proporcionar información sobre la ecología de los flebótomos en un área endémica de leishmaniasis cutánea en el noreste de Pará. Métodos: Se realizaron capturas entomológicas, utilizando trampas de luz CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), en 80 puntos de muestreo, 20 en bosque (FT), 19 en cultivos (CT), 21 en viviendas rurales (DR) y 20 en viviendas urbanas (DU) durante el verano amazónico. Resultados: Se capturaron 544 ejemplares de 28 especies, con >80% de ejemplares provenientes del bosque. Ny. antunesi, Ny. fraihai, Ev. infraspinosa y Bi. flaviscutellata fueron las más abundantes. Se observaron diferencias significativas (p<0.05) en la diversidad estimada por los índices de Shannon, entre DR y CT, DR y FT, pero no entre FT y CT (p>0.05), con mayor diversidad en DR. Aunque la similitud fue baja, FT y CT fueron los entornos más similares. Conclusión: La mayor diversidad de especies en RD, con una riqueza cercana a la del bosque, demuestra cómo los cambios ambientales desequilibran las poblaciones de flebotomos, acercando estos insectos a los hogares y permitiendo un mayor contacto humano-vector, incluyendo especies con importancia vectora. lo que puede dar lugar a la transmisión de la leishmaniasis a las personas y a brotes de leishmaniasis.
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