Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar a través de la literatura las principales intervenciones quirúrgicas para las fracturas de los metacarpianos. Métodos: Revisión sistemática con la pregunta orientadora “¿Cuáles son las principales intervenciones quirúrgicas para las fracturas de los metacarpianos?”. El estudio se realizó mediante búsquedas basadas en una estrategia de búsqueda preestablecida, en las bases de datos PubMed y Science Direct. Resultados: La técnica quirúrgica con placas bloqueadas presenta una fijación biomecánica significativamente más fuerte que las agujas de Kirschner. Se ha demostrado que la fijación abierta limitada con tornillo de compresión sin cabeza para las fracturas del cuello y la diáfisis del metacarpiano es superior en términos de recuperación del rango de movimiento metacarpofalángico, la reducción cerrada guiada por ecografía y la fijación mínimamente invasiva es un tratamiento eficaz de las fracturas metacarpofalángicas. Consideraciones finales: En comparación con la fijación con alambre de Kirschner, la miniplaca AO y la fijación con tornillos para fracturas metacarpianas tienen un mejor efecto, lo que puede acortar efectivamente el tiempo de operación y reducir el trauma a los pacientes. Esto puede proporcionar a los pacientes una mejor estabilidad y acortar el inicio del movimiento de la palma, promover la curación de fracturas y la recuperación y función de las articulaciones; puede reducir la estimulación del tendón y disminuir la incidencia de complicaciones postoperatorias.
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